van der Wijngaart, Sam (2008) From the Crowd to the Podium - Goal Setting in Sport and Exercise: A Meta-Analysis. Honours thesis, University of Southern Queensland. (Unpublished)
Abstract
This meta-analysis collated effect sizes gathered from all accessible research papers that had used goal-setting as an independent variable on sport and exercise performance outcomes. The study aimed to determine if the results of a previous meta-analysis of goal-setting in sport and exercise by Kyllo and Landers (1995) had provided an accurate reflection of the demonstrated benefits of goal-setting in the sport and exercise domain. The meta-analysis was conducted by systematically searching all available literature, and employing the latest meta-analytical techniques. Using a random-effects model, the present study found an overall effect size of 0.54 compared to the overall effect of 0.34 previously reported by Kyllo and Landers. The moderate overall effect found in the present study demonstrated the significant benefits of goal-setting, and showed that it is more effective in the sport and exercise domain than had previously been thought. Several moderators were noted, such as goal difficulty, goal specificity and goal proximity. It was found that moderate goals were more effective than difficult ones; absolute goals were more effective than relative goals; and combination goals were more effective than short- or long-term goals alone. It is suggested that future research in the area include more performance-based measures and ensure inclusion of data that will allow future meta-analyses to be conducted. These findings should assist coaches and participants in the preparation of empirically-based, goal-setting programs.
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Non-Research) (Honours) |
|---|---|
| Item Status: | Live Archive |
| Additional Information: | Current UniSQ staff and students can request access to this thesis. Please email research.repository@unisq.edu.au with a subject line of SEAR thesis request and provide: Name of the thesis requested and Your name and UniSQ email address |
| Faculty/School / Institute/Centre: | Historic - Faculty of Sciences - Department of Psychology (Up to 30 Jun 2013) |
| Supervisors: | Peter Terry |
| Qualification: | Bachelor of Science (Honours) |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Nov 2025 00:29 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Nov 2025 00:29 |
| Fields of Research (2008): | 17 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences > 1799 Other Psychology and Cognitive Sciences > 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified |
| Fields of Research (2020): | 52 PSYCHOLOGY > 5299 Other psychology > 529999 Other psychology not elsewhere classified |
| URI: | https://sear.unisq.edu.au/id/eprint/52884 |
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